Taking a Look at Violence - 1415 Words

What is violence? Violence is defined as behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something (Webster Dictionary). Violence can be can be found nearly everywhere. In homes, in the media, in video games, even at schools and the workplace. â€Å"No one is born violent, it is not instinctive or in our nature. Violence is under our own control,† says Diana Fouad Owayed (Finding solutions to violence). All kinds of people can act violent and commit crimes for numerous reasons. There are many contributing factors as to why certain people act violently and end up committing crimes. Those factors vary from easy accessibility to weapons, mental illness, family history and genetics, to the upbringing and environment in which that individual with violent behavior lives/ or lived in. So how can people know what causes others to act violent and commit crimes? It’s important to look at every aspect involved in the correlation between violence and crime. People must look at the actions the violent criminals take, the way it affects both them and their victims, and how much violence is really going on in the country. Violent crimes have become a problem that needs to be tackled in order protect victims everywhere. It is a major issue in today’s world, and should be discussed. Studies show that early childhood is the most and rapid period of development in a human life (http://www.unicef.org/dprk/ecd.pdf). The brain of a child is like a sponge, in the wayShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Structural Violence721 Words   |  3 PagesStructural violence on the other is the type of violence, one experienced by the Adivasi because of a national water dam project, â€Å"the violence of nationalism becomes explicit both through the categories of poor who are deemed appropriate to neglect and through the failure to help those who are not considered part of the national community† (Gupta, 19). 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However, it is more common among women, 1of 50 women ages 16 to 24 are victims of intimate violence, and 10 times as many womenRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On The United States1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe study of human culture provides us with a look into other cultures from an up-close and distinct perspective, which allows us to better understand their culture and way of life. Taking an objective look at another culture without being somewhat biased can be a difficu lt task. This being the case, we must examine culture by using emic and etic perspectives. An emic perspective is an insider views; observing the culture from within the culture itself. 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Banning communist party FINALRev Free Essays

The communist party of Australia has a history that dates back to the early 1920. It was established in the face of rising Russian Communism revolution. An analysis of its events in its lifetime indicates that it was a great challenge to the Australian political order as it was growing from strength to strength in terms of its support. We will write a custom essay sample on Banning communist party FINALRev or any similar topic only for you Order Now Liberal country party coalition was threatened by this emerging dominant ideology as fronted by the communism party. Robert Gordon Menzies was against this and went ahead to enforce a ban of the communist party, but was this right? (Ward, Russel, 1983 pg 131) Arguments have raged over the appropriateness of Menzies ban on the communist party. This paper maintains that this ban on the communist party was meant to suppress democracy and was against the basic underlying democratic fundamentals under which Australia was formed and also which the Liberal Country Party sought to further. It was also against individual rights as it was seeking to infringe on the freedom of association. The banning of communist party was driven by ill based fear especially as a revolution driven by Russia was rife in the air. At the start of the world war two, the party had been banned in the pretext or in an unfounded belief that it was a dissident organization (Manne, Robert, 1994, pg 34,44). The federal government did this by invoking the National Security Regulations, however this ban was to be later lifted in December 1942. This was after the leadership established that the communist Russians had decided rally their support against fighting the Hitler’s Third Reich terming the new force as the Patriotic Forces. Towards the start of the war, the Comintern was against the involvement of Russia in the Second World War terming it as purely an imperialist’s affair. Australian communists had too earlier on spoken against the rising Nazism and Fascism, warning that these it was likely to spread to the rest of Europe. The lifting of the ban is an indicator that it was not on any justified cause but was as a result of the rising opposition to the government’s policies at home (Ann C. and John M. , 1984). The communist party was riding on a wave of simmering discontent and disillusionment of the Australian workers under the labor unions. The lifting of the ban in 1942 did it greater service as its popularity soared to a record height. The number of trade unions allied to communist party increased greatly. The communist movement was able to penetrate and infiltrate the major trade unions mostly in the face of rising communism in Eastern Europe. The communist party in Australia was enjoying some considerable support especially amongst the workers. This is seen in the way it was able to influence and instigate workers strike. The Chiley government in turn was using the military and arbitrary jailing of officials to crack the party. 1949, in Australia, was a bad year for the labor government. The miner led a nation wide strike, a strike that lasted for seven weeks. This was a period that would put the government’s strength and will power into test. It was to retaliate through unwarranted emergency legislations, and establishing an â€Å"Anti Communist Month†. This scuffle would leave both the communist party and the labor party suffering debilitating effects in the face of a rising unpopularity that was being fuelled by Menzies Liberal Party. This was so especially as the 1949 federal elections drew closer. Right from the start, Menzies was set against communism in Australia. He considered the party as â€Å"alien† and â€Å"destructive pest†. In his campaign for elections, he vowed to prohibit it. Indeed that was the first deed upon his swearing in, having won the elections with a landslide (Peter L. Paul S. , 2001, pg 66). Many argue that it was not the suppression of the communist party activity that did not endear him to many but it is the approach that he took. He embraced undemocratic strategies and invoked some constitution provisions that would infringe upon the rights of the population. It has to be understood that Menzies policies against communism were a greater extent fuelled and influenced by the United States and Britain in the face of cold war. The three countries had been sharing classified information on the communism and on nuclear technology including the remote sites. Allegations that the communist party in Australia was spying for the USSR led to Menzies taking a hard stance and vowing to stamp out the party, referring to the act as a â€Å"high treason† (McKnight, David, 1994, pg112). The events that would ensue after this were highly undemocratic. Menzies took excess measures to curb any association, support or membership of the Communist Party. It is these measures that received a lot of criticism. Majority wanted prohibition to be specifically limited to membership and not based on some other ununderstandable criterion. His worst headache however was how to ban a party that enjoyed considerable support from the trade unions. Impediments lay on his path as he tried to ban the party mostly as the common wealth constitution did not have such provisions. He had to plan carefully, cautious not to step on the toes of the powerful trade unions (Gollan, Robin, 1975, pg 145). Menzies was not enjoying much support from the industrial workers who saw him as impediment to their rights. His policies were likely to ignite an industrial instability. In banning the communist party, he used selective and isolationist policies. The communist officials were to be denied any job opportunities in the government offices but the trade union officials were not to be affected by this, even those publicly opposed to the federal government. Sifting the communist from the rest required the reversing of the fundamental principle of innocent until proven guilty. The legal burden of proof lay upon the individual accused of being a member of the communist party. This did not endear him to many and was seen as meant to lead to arbitrary detention in the pretext that a crime against the commonwealth was committed (Macintyre, Stuart, 1998 pg 20-23). A hate campaign was instituted against the communist in the bid by the federal government to instill a sense of fear into the masses and wane the communist party popularity. The bill introduced by the government referred to as the Australian Communist Party Dissolution Bill 1950, was meant to outlaw completely the communist party. The provisions in the bill were unreasonably harsh and a clear infringement of the citizens rights. Supporters were to be jailed and those suspected to be communists sacked from their jobs. This was in the midst of concerted and vehement opposition from the Australian Labor Party led by Ben Chifley. According to him, freedom and individual justice were at stake if the bill was to be passed. Others were also emphasizing similar views. The high court ruled to the disfavor of the Menzies administration and his mechanizations did not make headway. The 1951 referendum held on 22nd September landed Menzies a slight defeat, however, still in the face of this defeat, the government did not give up the fight against communism. (Rupert Lockwood, 1992 pg 149) It is important to indicate that opposition is not on the decision to fight the Communist Party perse but it is against the strategy that he used. It is agreeable that the ideal of communism in the face of cold war were a threat to the stability of Australia. However the methods used to fight it are not condonable. The public voted against the government as there was fear that individual right and freedoms were to be trampled on had the act been enacted. The strategies used by Menzies were undemocratic and were seeking to arbitrary oppress a section of the Australian population especially those believed to have some communist connections. Some people were citing the arbitrary arrests on the mere basis of suspicion as the reason behind their voting against the proposed act. Reference Ward, Russel, 1983. A nation for a continent: the history of Australia, 1901-1975, Richmond, and Vic. Heinemann Educational Australia. Ann Curthoys and John Merritt, 1984. Australia’s first Cold War Society, communism and culture. 1945-1953 / Volume 1: Sydney: Allen Unwin. Peter Love Paul Strangio, 2001. Arguing the Cold War. Carlton North, Vic. : Red Rag Publications. Gollan, Robin, 1975. Revolutionaries and Reformists: Communism and the Australian Labour Movement, 1920-1955, Canberra: Australian National U. P. Manne, Robert, 1994. The shadow of 1917: Cold War conflict in Australia, Melbourne: Text Publishing. Rupert Lockwood, 1992. ‘Seeing Red And Darker Colours’, in seeing red: the Communist Party Dissolution Act and referendum 1951: lessons for constitutional reform, Sydney: Evatt Foundation. Macintyre, Stuart, 1998. The reds, St. Leonards: Allen Unwin. McKnight, David, 1994. Australia’s spies and their secrets, St Leonards, N. S. W. : Allen Unwin. How to cite Banning communist party FINALRev, Papers

Banking and Finance P & N Bank

Question: Discuss about the Banking and Finance P N Bank. Answer: Introduction The given assignment discusses about a bank, which has launched two products naming business account. Hence to promote its product, the bank has thought to issue prospectus which is described in the assignment. After this, there has been a training session conducted between the employees to train them to solve the grievances of bank clients (Ernst young, 2010). The prospectus Profile of the bank The product the bank is offering is an account opening for small business clients. It is for everyday and easy to use. There are no monthly fees. This means if the account is maintained for a minimum balance of $1,000 and the monthly fees would be waived. The bank allows free fee transactions. This facility is allowed for motivating individuals to keep more money in their account. Besides this the individuals having their account in this bank, can access their account wherever VISA is accepted. While the individuals can also access their account through internet via Netlink online banking, MiLink mobile banking, Phonelink telephone banking, Txtlink SMS banking, PN banking app and many more. The bank provide facility of providing funds via ATMs via rediATM, NAB, and BOQ ATM. BOQ ATM is one of the largest network of ATM in Australia. To provide security to account holders, Visa debit card of card holders are protected by Visa zero liability. This security is also provided when Visa pay wave is used or pressing credit is used in store. Hence it can be said the bank provides a security layer in doing online transactions. For any query, the phone number of bank is 132577 (InfoChoice.com.au). The bank is offering two kinds of product those are: Product name Tier Rate (Variable) Interest calculated Interest Credited Business account $0-$99,999 0.01% p.a. Minimum monthly balance Last day of every month Business account $100,000 0.05% p.a. Minimum monthly balance Last day of every month Identifying potential client Potential client are those which lead the company in earning major profits. This might happen in a corporation that the user fits in the strategies of the product. But the user do not becomes the client of the corporation. To identify the potential client a corporation needs to adopt following strategies such as: for every customer the company wants to target, the company need to make strategy that acts as a match between the actual and potential needs of the customer and the strength or core competency of the bank. In relation to bank, the potential new clients can be identified as: it has to be identified by the bank managers, that which customer group would be mostly likely to buy the bank products and services. Besides this, the bank should focus on building relationships with its clients to make them loyal for the bank. The bank can also make some favorable changes on its websites for ease of use by customers (Finder.com.au, 2017). Usage pattern The usage pattern of bank accounts can be computed as ease of transactions in these products as compare to its usual saving and deposit accounts. As in these saving and deposit accounts there are very few transactions. The bank is providing new interest amounts or surplus amount in their accounts. As the bank is providing free fee transactions in its products, security level in its products (The university of Sheffield, 2017). Comparison of product with banks of Australia and some recommendations Here the comparison has been done in case of product of small business banking with three known banks of Australia. The prospectus has considered Bank of Melbourne, Arab bank Australia, and Citi bank. In case of Citi bank to earn interest, a deposit of minimum of $10,000 to be done with the bank. In case of Bank of Melbourne, the interest can be earned at a deposit of minimum $1 (Finder.com.au, 2017). Besides this, the banks also allows to investor to keep a minimum balance of $1. The PN bank account is advantageous in terms of offering of interest rate. The interests are calculated at monthly basis and credit in every month. The bank is planning for making more convenient services for consumers, and to make them loyal towards bank. The bank has a comparative advantage of providing securities to its clients (Athar Shah, 2015). PN Small Business account Product name Tier Rate (Variable) Interest calculated Interest Credited Business account $0-$99,999 0.01% p.a. Minimum monthly balance Last day of every month Business account $100,000 0.05% p.a. Minimum monthly balance Last day of every month Bank of Melbourne business cheque account-plus $0-$99,999 0.01% p.a. calculated on daily basis deposited in a month business cheque account-plus $100,000 0.05%p.a. calculated on daily basis deposited in a month Arab Bank of Australia online savings account $0-$99,999 2.30% p.a. calculated on daily basis deposited once in a month online savings account $100,000 2.50% p.a. calculated on daily basis deposited once in a month Citi Bank ultimate business server $0-$99,999 1.65% p.a. calculated daily last day of month ultimate business server $100,000 1.65% p.a. calculated daily last day of month Marketing campaign The bank can promote its product by use of social media, providing excellent customer services, strategic partnerships and by providing customization service. In respect of given bank, the product can be promoted by advertising in newspapers and on social networking sites. Besides this the bank can promote its products and services by providing customization services (Dindar, 2015). Reward Recognition strategy The bank can indulge into reward and recognition for staff by providing them strong identity, and decentralized in decision making. In case of clients of bank, they can be rewarded with the additional interest amount or providing some discounts (Inkumsah, 2013). Roles of stakeholders The key stakeholders of the bank are as: board of directors, executive/senior leadership team, business unit manager/ branch manager, customer help centre, operational legal group, company secretary and other related staff. The roles of key stakeholders are to ensure that the product matches with the customer expectations, organizing training and development programs for them, set benchmarks, and evaluating the results with expected performances (Gorajek Turner, 2010). Performance measure methods The performance of banks stakeholders can be measured by balance scorecard, fulfillment of the bank mission and objective, number of deposits accounts made, feedback of clients, growth in bank revenue and profits. Besides this, the financial statements play key measure to measure performances of a product or many products and services of the bank (Anand, 2015). Customer complaints policy and procedure The bank has policy of acknowledging all the complaints and providing grievances. All the complaints would be answered in a transparent and objective manner. The bank has provided a complaint link on its website. This made easy for the consumers who access their account online. The bank is following the rules and regulations formed by reserve bank of Australia (Ferreira, 2013). Customer strategies The employees are trained to keep their clients happy and satisfied by the bank. This is because; unsatisfied needs and demands of the client can make him wish to change his bank account. This would result into reduction of deposits with the bank. Hence the bank has made effective customer strategies such as: complying with the small things the customer has preferred like hours during which call can be made by the bank. These are those preferences which made the services customized by the bank. Besides this security in the accounts of the consumer plays a key role. Apart from this, the bank required to be technologically updated; this is so to conduct transaction on timely (PWC, 2017). Product review strategy The product of the bank such as: business account is recently launched by the bank. Hence the bank would review the product on monthly basis. The bank has made team for evaluation of making a match between the standards set by the managers and the actual results of the product. The process of review would take 1 day as on the end of the month. During this the transactions of banking would be postponed to next day, so to review the product performances effectively. There are two methods by which product can be reviewed by customers such as primary and secondary. In primary form, the customer or client complaints directly to bank, while in secondary form, the product can be reviewed as change in its value in market or customer mind, or the reductions in account with the bank (Gan, Cohen, Clemes Chong, 2006). Key features of legislation and regulation The bank has launched its new product as business account. For this, the permission has been taken by the bank from company act, central bank of Australia or reserve bank of Australia, Basel norms. The rules and regulations made by the government authorities are in the form of requirement of capital with the bank, the performances measures, and the procedures to be followed by the banking. The bank would also be required to comply with the requirement of debt and equity mix. This is done to safeguard the interest of the customers of bank at large (FOS, 2017). Training session A training session has been conducted by the bank of 4 team members. In this session, each team member has demonstrated the role played small business client. The team leader of the session is responsible for describing the requirement of role, organization policy, and procedures to support performances. In this play, the client is very disinterested and wishes to lodge a complaint regarding the bank. The main objective of the training session is to provide the suggestions to team members to arrive at the grievances (Australian government). The customer has complaints from bank as: the complaints are not acknowledged very late. The number provided by the bank is not reachable or if reached, the employees do not answer properly. Besides this the client has encountered a problem in security and privacy. The customer is highly dissatisfied from bank because the ATMs of bank are not operating. The ATMs of the bank are mostly out of order and out of cash. Apart from this, the bank does not credit the amount of interest in its clients account, which highly affects the bank performances in market. Hence the customer has filed a complaint regarding the bank, which he is highly dissatisfied from the performances of the bank, and if his issues are not resolved, then he will bound to switch his account to another bank (Kelly services, 2017). The employees of the session have learnt to be patient while acknowledging the problem of client. According to them, the client was very aggressive; hence he was not ready to accept any answer from the bank employee team. However it has been encountered that in the month of January 2017, the interest amount has not been credit in the client account. This was due to political issues and formation of new rules and regulations by Basel III and IV norms in finance market. It was also found out, that the ATMs have not been working properly. Hence the bank has considered the issue and would be repaired soon (Legal service commission). Conclusion By analyzing over the training session conducted by the bank, it can be concluded that there was partly mistake of the bank and partly due to slow rulings of banking regulations. The bank has considered its mistake and satisfied the customer by providing him sympathy. Hence by this the bank employees were able to change the perception of client to shift his account to another bank. References Anand, N,. (2015) Business standard, HDFC bank rolls out its largest brand campaign. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.business-standard.com/article/finance/hdfc-bank-rolls-out-its-largest-brand-campaign-115100700986_1.html Athar, R Shah, F, M,. (2015) Impact of training on employee performance (Banking sector Karachi), IOSR Journal of business and management (IOSR-JBM) 17(11) pp.58-67 Australian government,. Consumer complaints and queries. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.australia.gov.au/help-and-contact/faqs/consumer-complaints-and-queries Dindar, S,. (2015) Quicktapsurvey, Top 5 customer service marketing campaigns of 2015. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.quicktapsurvey.com/blog/2015/12/10/top-5-customer-service-marketing-campaigns-of-2015/ Ernst young,. (2010) Understanding customer behavior in retail banking: The impact of the credit cisis across Europe. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017, from https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Understanding_customer_behavior_in_retail_banking_-_February_2010/$FILE/EY_Understanding_customer_behavior_in_retail_banking_-_February_2010.pdf Ferreira, B, J,. (2013) Global regulatory change and the Australian response, Ensuring Australia becomes the Asian pacific paragon. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.fsc.org.au/downloads/file/aboutus/FSCFutureLeadersAward2013-Q2-BrendonFerreira-Final.pdf Finder.com.au,. (2017) Product details. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.finder.com.au/arab-bank-online-savings-account FOS,.(2017) Financial ombudsman service Australia, Our dispute resolution process. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://fos.org.au/resolving-disputes/our-dispute-resolution-process/ Gan, C,. Cohen, D,. Clemes, M Chong, E,. (2006) A survey of customer retention in the new Zealand banking industry, Banks and bank systems 4(1) Gorajek, A Turner, G,. (2010) Reserve bank of Australia, Australian bank capital and the regulatory framework. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2010/sep/6.html InfoChoice.com.au,. (n.d.) Business bank account comparison. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.infochoice.com.au/small-business/business-account/ Inkumsah, W, A,. (2013) Factors that impacted customer retention of banks. A study of recently acquired banks in the UPSA area of Madian, Accra (Specifically Access bank). Journal of Marketing and consumer research Vol 1 Kelly services,. (2017) Indentifying staff training needs. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.kellyservices.com.au/AU/Business-Services/Management-Skills/Identifying-staff-training-needs/ Legal service commission,. (n.d.) Complaints against banking and financial services. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch09s04.php PWC,. (2017) Basel III: an Australian perspective on a global challenge, the challenge of Basel III for Australian banks. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.pwc.com.au/financial-services/basel.html The university of Sheffield,. (2017) Human resources, Reward strategy. Retrieved on 17th February, 2017 from https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/hr/thedeal/strategy